Neurological

Narcolepsy with Cataplexy

Also known as Type 1 narcolepsy, NT1, hypocretin deficiency syndrome, Gelineau disease

Type 1 narcolepsy (narcolepsy with cataplexy) is caused by autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic hypocretin (orexin)-producing neurons, resulting in CSF hypocretin-1 levels below 110 pg/mL. Clinical tetrad includes excessive daytime sleepi

ORPHA:2073 ↗Gene HCRT (hypocretin/orexin pathway); HLA-DQB1*06:02 associationPrevalence 1-5 per 10,000 (Orphanet)Onset Childhood, Adolescent, AdultAutoimmune (HLA-associated, hypocretin neuron destruction)

8

studies recruiting now

as of 7 Sept 2026

53

studies registered in total

as of 7 Sept 2026

11

countries with a recruiting site

as of 7 Sept 2026

30 Jun 2026

most recent study posted

among recruiting studies

Recruiting trials

Showing the 5 most recently updated recruiting studies, as recorded 7 Sept 2026. Live status on each study page.

See all 8 recruiting studies

Where recruiting studies are running

Countries with at least one recruiting site among the studies above, 7 Sept 2026. Tap a country to search trials there.

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About Narcolepsy with Cataplexy

Type 1 narcolepsy (narcolepsy with cataplexy) is caused by autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic hypocretin (orexin)-producing neurons, resulting in CSF hypocretin-1 levels below 110 pg/mL. Clinical tetrad includes excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotion), sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. Approved treatments include sodium oxybate (Xyrem/Lumryz), pitolisant (Wakix), and modafinil/solriamfetol for sleepiness.

Common clinical features

Excessive daytime sleepinessCataplexy triggered by emotionSleep paralysisHypnagogic hallucinationsFragmented nighttime sleepAutomatic behaviorWeight gain

From Orphanet’s phenotype annotations (CC BY 4.0). Not a complete list.

Treatments being studied

10 approved treatments and 2 in clinical development, from Open Targets (CC BY 4.0). Not medical advice.

Approved: Dextroamphetamine Sulfate (Dexampex)Approved: Sodium Oxybate (Lumryz)Approved: Dextroamphetamine Saccharate (Dextroamphetamine saccharate component of mydayis)Approved: Pitolisant Hydrochloride (Ozawade)Approved: Methylphenidate (Cotempla xr-odt)Approved: Solriamfetol Hydrochloride (Sunosi)Approved: Dextroamphetamine (Xelstrym)Approved: Modafinil (Modafinil)Approved: Armodafinil (Armodafinil)Approved: Amphetamine Sulfate (Amphetamine sulfate)
Phase 3Pitolisant (Wakix)
Phase 2Mazindol (Mazanor)

Before you apply

Things trial teams commonly ask about for Narcolepsy with Cataplexy. Not eligibility rules; those are set by each study.

  • CSF hypocretin-1 level below 110 pg/mL is the gold standard diagnostic marker for NT1 trials and confirms autoimmune subtype
  • Polysomnography followed by Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) showing mean sleep latency <8 min and 2+ SOREMPs is required
  • Current medications (sodium oxybate, stimulants) require washout periods before PSG/MSLT and before enrollment in many trials
  • HLA-DQB1*06:02 typing is often performed at screening — presence supports NT1 diagnosis but absence does not exclude

Related conditions

Information, not medical advice. Trial listings are shown as recorded on ClinicalTrials.gov; whether any study is right for you is a decision for you and your clinicians, and eligibility is decided by each research team. Disease information from Orphanet (CC BY 4.0).