Oncology

Uveal Melanoma

Also known as ocular melanoma, choroidal melanoma, ciliary body melanoma, GNAQ/GNA11 mutation

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, arising from melanocytes of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, or iris) and driven by activating somatic mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 in approximately 80% of cas

ORPHA:895 ↗Gene GNAQGene GNA11Gene BAP1Prevalence 5–6 in 1,000,000Onset Adult (median age 60s)Sporadic; BAP1 tumour predisposition syndrome in familial cases

40

studies recruiting now

as of 7 Sept 2026

296

studies registered in total

as of 7 Sept 2026

4

countries with a recruiting site

as of 7 Sept 2026

4 Sept 2026

most recent study posted

among recruiting studies

Recruiting trials

Showing the 5 most recently updated recruiting studies, as recorded 7 Sept 2026. Live status on each study page.

See all 40 recruiting studies

Where recruiting studies are running

Countries with at least one recruiting site among the studies above, 7 Sept 2026. Tap a country to search trials there.

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Patient organisations

Ocular Melanoma FoundationPatient association
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Registry: CURE OM Registry · Join ↗. Registries connect patients to researchers and often hear about trials first.

About Uveal Melanoma

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, arising from melanocytes of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, or iris) and driven by activating somatic mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 in approximately 80% of cases, resulting in constitutive MAPK and YAP pathway signalling. Unlike cutaneous melanoma, uveal melanoma is largely unresponsive to anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors used in isolation and lacks high tumour mutational burden or UV-signature mutations. Approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease, almost exclusively to the liver, with a median survival of 6–12 months from metastatic diagnosis; tebentafusp (a bispecific gp100-CD3 fusion protein) is the only therapy demonstrating improved overall survival in HLA-A*02:01-positive patients.

Common clinical features

Visual disturbance: blurred vision, photopsia (flashing lights), or visual field loss from the primary tumourAsymptomatic finding on routine dilated fundoscopic examination in a significant proportion of casesIntraocular pressure elevation from tumour-related secondary glaucomaPain or redness from iris or ciliary body tumours with anterior segment involvementHepatomegaly, right upper quadrant pain, or jaundice from hepatic metastasesConstitutional symptoms (fatigue, weight loss) in advanced metastatic diseaseSkin or subcutaneous metastases and orbital recurrence in rare advanced cases

From Orphanet’s phenotype annotations (CC BY 4.0). Not a complete list.

Treatments being studied

34 in clinical development, from Open Targets (CC BY 4.0). Not medical advice.

Phase 3Melphalan (Alkeran)
Phase 3Melphalan Hydrochloride (Alkeran)
Phase 3Dacarbazine (Dacarbazine)
Phase 3Tebentafusp (Kimmtrak)
Phase 3Darovasertib
Phase 3Melatonin (Circadin)
Phase 3Fotemustine
Phase 3Selumetinib

+ 26 more in development

Before you apply

Things trial teams commonly ask about for Uveal Melanoma. Not eligibility rules; those are set by each study.

  • HLA-A*02:01 genotyping is mandatory for tebentafusp eligibility (approximately 40–50% of Caucasian patients are positive) — request HLA typing early as processing time may delay trial screening.
  • BAP1 mutation and monosomy 3 status, determined from enucleation specimen or biopsy, are critical prognostic and eligibility markers for adjuvant and metastatic trials — confirm availability of tumour molecular data.
  • Liver metastasis pattern (number and size of lesions) and hepatic reserve (liver function tests, Child-Pugh score) are key eligibility criteria for liver-directed and systemic therapy trials; provide recent cross-sectional imaging and laboratory values.

Related conditions

Information, not medical advice. Trial listings are shown as recorded on ClinicalTrials.gov; whether any study is right for you is a decision for you and your clinicians, and eligibility is decided by each research team. Disease information from Orphanet (CC BY 4.0).