Disease Directory Tay-Sachs Disease
Metabolic

Tay-Sachs Disease

Also known as: GM2 gangliosidosis type I, hexosaminidase A deficiency, HEXA deficiency

Prevalence

1-9 per 100,000 (Orphanet)

Onset

Infantile, Juvenile, Adult

Type

Autosomal recessive genetic

Gene

HEXA

About Tay-Sachs Disease

Tay-Sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder caused by mutations in the HEXA gene, resulting in deficiency of the enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A. Without this enzyme, GM2 ganglioside accumulates progressively in nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord, destroying them. The infantile form is the most severe, with neurological deterioration beginning around 3-6 months of age; juvenile and adult-onset forms also exist with slower progression.

Common Clinical Features

Progressive neurological deterioration Cherry-red spot on macula Hypotonia Seizures Loss of motor skills Hearing loss Blindness

Clinical Trial Eligibility Tips

What to know before applying to Tay-Sachs Disease trials.

Trials often stratify by disease form — specify infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset when searching

Residual hexosaminidase A enzyme activity level is a common baseline eligibility criterion

Gene therapy trials may require no prior substrate reduction therapy (SRT) for a washout period

Carrier status in family members may qualify relatives for natural history studies

Patient Resources

Patient Organization

National Tay-Sachs & Allied Diseases Association

Visit website ↗

Natural History Registry

NTSAD Disease Registry

Join registry ↗

Orphanet

European reference resource for rare diseases (ORPHA:845)

View on Orphanet ↗

NORD

National Organization for Rare Disorders

Search NORD ↗

Find recruiting Tay-Sachs Disease trials

Search 500,000+ studies from ClinicalTrials.gov, filtered for Tay-Sachs Disease. Updated daily.

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