Disease Directory Centronuclear Myopathy
Neuromuscular

Centronuclear Myopathy

Also known as: CNM, myotubular myopathy, X-linked myotubular myopathy

Prevalence

1 in 50,000 (X-linked form); overall rarer

Onset

Congenital (X-linked form) to adult (autosomal forms)

Type

X-linked recessive (MTM1), autosomal dominant (DNM2), autosomal recessive (BIN1)

Gene

MTM1, DNM2, BIN1

About Centronuclear Myopathy

Centronuclear Myopathy is a group of congenital myopathies defined by the abnormal centralisation of nuclei within muscle fibres on biopsy. The most severe form, X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), is caused by MTM1 mutations and presents with profound neonatal hypotonia and respiratory failure requiring ventilation in nearly all affected males. Autosomal forms due to DNM2 or BIN1 mutations are generally milder and later in onset.

Common Clinical Features

Profound neonatal hypotonia (XLMTM) or childhood-onset weakness Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (XLMTM) Facial weakness and ophthalmoplegia Feeding difficulties and requirement for nasogastric or gastrostomy feeding Skeletal deformities including scoliosis Hepatomegaly (in XLMTM due to MTM1 role in liver) Delayed or absent achievement of motor milestones

Clinical Trial Eligibility Tips

What to know before applying to Centronuclear Myopathy trials.

Gene-specific eligibility is strict — MTM1 (XLMTM) trials are separate from DNM2 and BIN1 trials; confirm your gene and mutation before applying to any trial

Ventilator dependency and mode of respiratory support (invasive vs non-invasive) are key eligibility stratifiers — document ventilator settings and hours per day

For XLMTM gene therapy trials, prior AAV exposure (pre-existing AAV antibody titres) is a common exclusion criterion; serum AAV neutralising antibody testing should be completed early

Patient Resources

Patient Organization

Myotubular Trust / Cure CMD

Visit website ↗

Natural History Registry

CMDIR / MTM-CNM Registry

Join registry ↗

Orphanet

European reference resource for rare diseases (ORPHA:596)

View on Orphanet ↗

NORD

National Organization for Rare Disorders

Search NORD ↗

Find recruiting Centronuclear Myopathy trials

Search 500,000+ studies from ClinicalTrials.gov, filtered for Centronuclear Myopathy. Updated daily.

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