Disease Directory Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Deficiency
Metabolic

Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Deficiency

Also known as: CPT deficiency, CPT1 deficiency, CPT2 deficiency, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I/II deficiency

Prevalence

1-9 per 1,000,000 (Orphanet)

Onset

Neonatal, Infantile, Adult

Type

Autosomal recessive genetic

Gene

CPT1A, CPT2

About Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Deficiency

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) deficiencies are fatty acid oxidation disorders caused by mutations in CPT1A or CPT2 genes, impairing the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. CPT1 deficiency primarily affects the liver, causing hypoketotic hypoglycemia; CPT2 deficiency has multiple forms ranging from lethal neonatal disease to an adult-onset muscle form causing exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis. Management involves avoidance of prolonged fasting and high-fat diets.

Common Clinical Features

Hypoketotic hypoglycemia Hepatomegaly Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis Myalgia Cardiomyopathy Renal failure Encephalopathy

Clinical Trial Eligibility Tips

What to know before applying to Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Deficiency trials.

Specify CPT1 versus CPT2 deficiency — they are distinct biochemically and clinically, and trials are subtype-specific

Acylcarnitine profile (elevated C16, C18 in CPT2) on plasma tandem mass spectrometry is a required biomarker

Creatine kinase level and urine myoglobin are key biomarkers for muscle-type CPT2 deficiency trials

Fasting tolerance testing and triglyceride levels are required for hepatic CPT1 trials

Patient Resources

Patient Organization

Fatty Oxidation Disorders (FOD) Family Support Group

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Natural History Registry

FOD Patient Registry

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Orphanet

European reference resource for rare diseases (ORPHA:157)

View on Orphanet ↗

NORD

National Organization for Rare Disorders

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Find recruiting Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Deficiency trials

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